tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Wed Dec 24 11:57:04 2008
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RE: also, too
Voragh:
>>As it's Hanukkah, I was going for *Hag same'aH gam lekha* ("A happy
>>holiday to you too" - trying to emphasize {SoH} not {tIv}. I.e.:
>>
>> ?yupma' DatIvjaj SoH je
>> may YOU TOO enjoy the festival (you specifically)
>>
>> ?yupma' DatIvjaj je SoH
>> may you ALSO ENJOY the festival (as well as celebrate)
SuStel:
>At first I thought that was how it works too, but then I looked it up in
>TKD on page 55 and saw this:
>
> The noun conjunction {je} has an additional function: when it follows
> a verb, it means "also, too."
>
> {qaleghpu' je} "I also saw you, I saw you too"
>
> As in English, the meaning of such sentences is ambiguous: "I and
> others saw you" or "I saw you and others." The exact meaning is
> determined by context.
>
>Unless there is canon to the contrary, it would seem that {je} is not
>used to mean things like "I SAW you (as well as doing something else to
>you)."
>
>But I haven't looked at all the instances of {je} after a verb to
>confirm this.
>
>For emphasis, use {-qu'} on verbs and {-'e'} on nouns.
>
>> yupma' DatIvjaj SoH'e'
>
>This probably the way to do it. If it's in response to someone else's
>well-wishing, it might be
>
> wa': yupma' DatIvjaj.
> cha': 'ej yupma' DatIvjaj SoH'e'.
Or just the pronoun alone - {'ej yupma' DatIvjaj *SoH*} - perhaps stressing the pronoun a little bit more in speech.
You know, I think we both initially assumed that {je} works like {neH} WRT whether it follows a verb or a noun. Here's TKD pp. 56f.:
One word fits somewhat awkwardly into this category:
{neH} "only, merely, just". Unlike the other adverbials,
it follows the verb which it modifies. The semantic
effect is one of trivializing the action:
qama' vIqIppu' neH
I merely hit the prisoner.
Duj yIQotlh neH
Just disable the ship!
Also unlike the other adverbials, {neH} can follow a noun.
In such cases, it means "only, alone".
yaS neH
only the officer, the officer alone.
jonta' neH
only the engine.
But as you pointed out, it doesn't. Now I need to make a point of remembering to emphasize my pronouns the right way!
yupma'lIj DatIvjaj SoH'e'!
--
Voragh
Canon Master of the Klingons