tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Fri May 21 07:58:42 2004

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RE: paghHu'/paghleS

QuljIb ([email protected])



ghItlh lay'tel SIvten:

>Klingon has a series of paired deictic time words which designate the
>time of an event relative to the time of speech.  For example, {Hu'} >means 'days ago' and {leS} means 'days from now'.  They are usually
>preceded by a number indicating how many days in the past or future the
>event occurred.  Thus {wa'Hu'} means 'one day ago', or 'yesterday',
>{cha'Hu'} means 'two days ago', or 'the day before yesterday', {wa'leS}
>means 'one day from now', or 'tomorrow', and {cha'leS} means 'two days
>from now', or 'the day after tomorrow'.

[snip]

>What is not in TKD, or anywhere else, as far as I can determine, is what
>{Hu'} and {leS} mean when used with {pagh} ('zero').  Both {paghHu'},
>literally 'zero days ago', and {paghleS}, 'zero days from now', both seem >to mean 'today'. 
> But Klingon already has two distinct ways of saying 'today', viz.
>{DaHjaj} and {jajvam}.  So even if the forms with {pagh} did >mean 'today', they would be superfluous.  
> 
>I submit that both these words have useful and distinct meanings.
> 
>While both of these words basically do mean 'today', each adds its own
>essential nuance. Since {Hu'} indicates a past time, and {leS} indicates
>a future time, {paghHu'} means 'earlier today', and {paghleS} means'later
>today'.  
> 
>E.g., {paghHu' jIHu'pu', 'ej DaH jIvumtaH, 'ej paghleS jIleStaH.}
>Earlier today I got up, now I'm working, and later today I'll rest.

[snip]

>These forms are concise and specific, conforming in particular to the >Klingon ideals of Accuracy and Straightforwardness.

Hmm...

     {paghHu' rIn vIneH!}
     "I want it done yesterday!" (idio.)
     "I want it finished zero days ago." (lit.)

-quljIb 





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