tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Sun Nov 11 05:10:32 2007
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Re: vIghro'vetlh
- From: "Agnieszka Solska" <[email protected]>
- Subject: Re: vIghro'vetlh
- Date: Sun, 11 Nov 2007 12:52:12 +0000
- Bcc:
mI'qey:
>"vay' Dalajqang pagh Dalajqangbe' 'e' vIloy 'e'
>vInIDDI', Qatlhqu' 'e' vItu'."
Doq:
>[...] You have three {'e'} conjunctions, [...]
It is easy to forget that {'e'} (and {net}) are not conjuctions
corresponding to the English conjunction "that" but pronouns. As stated in
TKD 6.2.5 (p. 65):
Klingon has two special pronouns, {'e'} and {net,}
which refer to the previous sentence as a whole.
mI'qey:
>[...] I don't think the complexity of my Klingon sentence [...] [...] But
>even with the added complexity, my sentence was [...]
What makes your sentence grammatically non-simple is not the accumulation of
constructions with 'e' but the use of the coordinating conjunction {pagh}
and the presence of type 9 verb suffix {-DI'}. According to TKD 6.2.5 (pp.
65-66), piling up 'e' constructions does not create one complex sentence but
a series of sentences, each containing a pronoun {'e'} referring to the
preceding sentence. Discussing the example:
{qama'pu' DIHoH 'e' luSov}
<They know (that) we kill prisoners.>
Okrand says (p. 66):
This sentence is actually two:
(1) {qama'pu' DIHoH} <We kill prisoners>
({qama'pu'} <prisoners,> {DIHoH} we <kill them>);
(2) {'e' luSov} <They know that>
({'e'} <that,> {luSov} <they know it>).
In section 6.2.5 of the TKD more two-sentence constructions are presented or
mentioned, namely:
- constructions involving {neH}:
{jIQong vIneH} <I want to sleep.>
({jIQong} <I sleep,> {vIneH} <I want it>)
- constructions involving verbs of saying:
{qaja'pu' HIqaghQo'}
or {HIqaghQo' qaja'pu'}
<I told you not to interrupt me.>
This is literally <I told you, "Don't interrupt me!">
or <"Don't interrupt me" I told you>
({qaja'pu'} <I told you,> {HIqaghQo'} <don't interrupt me!>).
- constructions with {rIntaH}:
{luHoH rIntaH}
Based on what we read on p. 41 this could be glossed as
<They have killed him/her>, <It continues to be finished.>
With the exception of the last example, each of these constructions is
typically rendered as a single complex English sentence.
Interestingly, in "Power Klingon" we find an line where the meaning handled
by a single *simple* sentence in English is conveyed by two Klingon
sentences:
{'uSDaj chop. chev.}
"Bite his leg off!"
whose standard Klingon version would be:
{'uSDaj yIchop. yIchev.}
Literally, <Bite his leg! Separate it!>
'ISqu'
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