tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Thu Jan 04 22:29:31 2001
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next]
Grammar Highlight Each Day (-vaD)
- From: [email protected]
- Subject: Grammar Highlight Each Day (-vaD)
- Date: Fri, 5 Jan 2001 01:29:10 EST
Disclaimer: I often use explanations other than just those in the grammar
section of TKD. TKD and MO are the true authority. This highlight is meant
to be instructive, but it is definitely not an exhaustive teaching tool.
The noun suffix, type 5 {-vaD} covers both the dative and allative concepts
of English.
Dative is the Indirect Object, as Klingon uses {-vaD}.
Examples: SuvwI'vaD Soj jab chom = The bartender serves food to the warrior.
(SuvwI' = warrior; -vaD = to; Soj = food; jab = serves food; chom = bartender)
Soj is the Direct Object of the verb {jab}. SuvwI' is the Indirect Object.
puqvaD paq vIje' = I buy the book for a child.
(puq = child; paq = book; vIje' = I buy it)
paq is the Direct Object; puq is the Indirect Object.
DaH jIHvaD Huch yInob! = Give me money now!
(DaH = now; jIH = me; Huch = money; yInob = give it)
Huch is the Direct Object; jIH is the Indirect Object.
Allative: Klingon uses {-vaD} also for "for the benefit of ..."
Examples: Qu'vaD lI' De'vam = This information is useful for the mission.
(Qu' = mission; lI' = be useful; De' = information; -vam = this)
jIHvaD potlh Huch = Money is important to me.
(potlh = be important)
The difference in this last sentence from those with Indirect Object above is
that there is no verb action upon a Direct Object toward an Indirect Object.
yIn pIvvaD 'ut Soj QaQ = Good food is essential to a healthy life.
(yIn = life; pIv = be healthy; 'ut = be essential; QaQ = be good)
When there are more than just the base noun, the noun suffix, type 5 {-vaD}
goes on the last element of the phrase. Although {pIv} "be healthy" is an
adjective, it is the final element of the phrase containing a noun with
{-vaD} ostensibly affixed to it.
So, {-vaD} means "to," "for," "benefitting."
peHruS QInnor puqloD, valtev tuq