tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Fri May 25 13:27:48 2012
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Re: [Tlhingan-hol] Klingon Word of the Day: qaj
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Cruising in {tlhIngan Hol}:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> qughDo motlh: pIvlob vagh
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> Normal Cruising Speed - Warp 5 KBoP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><br>
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<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> 'aqroS qughDo: pIvlob Hut vI' vagh
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> Maximum Cruising Speed - Warp 9.5. KBoP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> qughDuj cruiser [ship]
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> qughDo cruising speed<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><br>
BTW, Captain Krankor coined *{qughwI'} “motorcycle” -- literally "cruiser" – as unofficial slang for a particular class of motorcycle (cf. Krankor’s article in HQ 12.4).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">--<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Voragh<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Ca'Non Master of the Klingons<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-weight:bold">From:</span></font></b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> lojmIt
tI'wI'nuv [<a href="mailto:[email protected]";>mailto:[email protected]</a>]
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<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Sent:</span></b> Thursday, May 24, 2012 1:15 PM<br>
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<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The word "cruise" is more interesting than most people take it to be. It implies a specific "normal" speed at which a vessel travels for long stretches of time. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">In America, cops drive "police cars", but state police drive "cruisers". That's because they spend most of their time driving on Interstate highways at one speed all day.
They don't sit in traffic in cities.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">There are many kinds of motorcycles, but one style is called a "cruiser". It's that really big motorcycle with a windshield and hard-shelled storage bags that weighs as
much as a small car. It's built for the highway, not for driving around town between stop lights.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The term "cruising speed" on an airplane has real meaning. It's the most fuel-efficient speed at which the air-frame flies. Since wings are actually energy converters,
bending the physics of the oncoming mass of air, converting air speed into lift, you can increase and decrease lift either by changing your air speed or the angle of attack of the wing. The cruising speed of an airplane is the functional equivalent of the
speed at which a glider reaches its optimal L/D (pronounced "El over dee"), a.k.a. its optimal glide ratio. This is not the same thing as the air speed at which a glider descends slowest, staying in the air longest. That is the equivalent of a powered plane's
climbing speed (the speed at which an aircraft with full throttle will climb faster than any other air speed).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">So, to balance the lift against the weight at a given air speed, you choose the angle of attack for the wing that generates exactly that much lift at your current air
speed. If you decrease your air speed, you have to increase the angle of attack, exposing the belly of the fuselage and the underside of the wing to the oncoming air, generating drag that you have to compensate for by burning more fuel to generate more thrust.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">If you increase your speed to something above your cruising speed, you have to go nose down some to put the angle of attack less than the wing was designed to operate.
The top of the fuselage is turned some into the oncoming air and you get more drag. So, now you have to burn more fuel both to overcome the normal drag of increased speed (drag increases exponentially with increases of air speed), plus the increased drag created
by the top of the fuselage and the top surface of the wings. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">There really is one speed at which most airplanes are designed to fly. That's the cruise speed. You pay at the pump for any deviation from it.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Except for fighter jets, which don't really use wings to fly. They fly almost entirely based on thrust. Ridiculous quantities of thrust. The wings mostly serve to give
you control surfaces for attitude control, and to hang bombs and missiles from. Turn off the engine and they have the glide ratio of a Greyhound bus. They glide with slightly more grace than a brick.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">As one flight instructor said of one of those VTOL military jets during his chapter on the physics of flight said, pointing to the video behind him of a Harrier hovering,
"Want to know what makes that aircraft fly? Money! Money makes that airplane fly!"<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">So, in the Star Trek universe, what does it mean to cruise? Space doesn't care about lift. Captains order wide variations of warp speeds and impulse engines. There's never
any indication that a starship has one speed at which it flies more efficiently than any other speed. They never refuel because they collect antimatter as they go along. There's no sense that there's any energy budget. They have an infinite number of photon
torpedoes and shields and phasers are only reduced by damage taken, from which they can heal if given time to regenerate. Sort of like engines that are giving them all they've got and can't take much more... but after a rest, they work just fine. Sort of like
cowboys that can get flesh wounds in the shoulder week after week without ever losing any long-term functionality in their arms or hands.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">It's a hole in the fiction, like six-shooters that never need to reload.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">So, what can it mean to cruise in a "cruiser" class star ship? What would "cruising speed" mean?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" color="black" face="Helvetica"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black">pItlh<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" color="black" face="Helvetica"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black">lojmIt tI'wI'nuv<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4" color="black" face="Helvetica"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">On May 24, 2012, at 10:44 AM, Steven Boozer wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Klingon word: qaj<br>
Part of speech: verb<br>
Definition: soar<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Never used in a sentence.<br>
<br>
WRT birds according to HolQeD 10.4:4. <br>
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Related verbs:<br>
<br>
qugh <span class="apple-tab-span"> </span>cruise<br>
puv <span class="apple-tab-span"> </span>fly<br>
<br>
FYI {qugh} has only been used by Okrand WRT space vessels (particularly in the BOP Poster). See also the compounds {qughDo} "cruising speed" and {qughDuj} "cruiser".<br>
<br>
<br>
--<br>
Voragh<br>
Ca'Non Master of the Klingons<br>
<br>
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