tlhIngan-Hol Archive: Mon Mar 27 03:39:48 2006

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Re: Slench... SuvwI'vaD ghaH?

QeS 'utlh ([email protected]) 

ghItlhpu' Shane MiQogh, ja':
>Ok, i'll keep that in mind. chol would then be for the first or second
>person objects, while Sum would be for the 3rd person (in this case
>since it's primarily a stationary object.)

Er, no. That's not what I meant. What I meant was that {chol} implies 
movement (*getting* near, not *being* near), and may be capable of taking an 
object: {Dachol} "you get near it". Conversely, {Sum}, being stative, 
probably can't take an object, and often carries an implication of being 
near to the speaker, unless context indicates otherwise. In other words, you 
can use either without any real restriction on first, second or third 
person, no matter whether subject or object. (Actually, {Sum} and {Hop} do 
behave a little differently, but I won't attempt to explain it here. For an 
explanation, I recommend that you read what MO has to say about {Hop} and 
{Sum} in this article:

http://klingonska.org/canon/1998-12.txt

QeS 'utlh
tlhIngan Hol yejHaD pabpo' / Grammarian of the Klingon Language Institute


not nItoj Hemey ngo' juppu' ngo' je
(Old roads and old friends will never deceive you)
     - Ubykh Hol vIttlhegh

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